Understanding the Different Types of Software Testing: A Complete Guide

 

Software Testing


Testing is an important stage of development that is aimed strike at delivering working software, having desired qualities, qualities, which are comprehensively discussed in the user stories, and excluding defects. Testing has become a multifaceted task given the nature of complex applications that are being developed in the contemporary world to cater to different needs equally. In the remainder of this guide, we’ll look at the various types of Software testing that are done and the roles they play in the development process.


1. Manual vs. Automated Testing

Before we go deeper into different types of testing it will be best to define the differences between manual and automated testing.


  • Manual Testing: Testing where the test cases are carried out by the tester without any support from a tool or software. It suits itself to situations that involve human instincts, for instance, in usability tests or to situations that cannot be automated.

  • Automated Testing: Usually employs scripts or software that would help it run test cases automatically. Automated testing is best suited for repetitive testing, retesting, and testing related to performance where attempting to perform a large number of tests would be impractical and could lead to errors.


2. Functional Testing

Functional Testing centers on the goal of ensuring that the software performs as required by the intended end-users. The purpose is to guarantee that each of the functions of the application works in the required manner. This type of testing answers the question: It is pretty much a simple question as it gets: “Does the software signify what it was designed to signify?”

2.1 Unit Testing

  • Description: Moreover, Integration testing includes testing two separate functional units combined, while unit testing is completed on one unit at a time. The latter could be a function, class, or method, all of which make up the above-stated components of software.

  • Goal: To ensure that each unit of the code undertakes its intended tasks satisfactorily.

  • Tools: Java: JUnit,.Net: NUnit, Python: PyTest


2.2 Integration Testing

  • Description: Integration testing comes after unit testing it seeks to determine how well these groups of modules are going to fine when they are combined. Such a goal refers to the possibility of revealing defects in the interaction between modules.

  • Goal: To understand the anticipated behavior of overall systems of integrated components.

  • Tools: JUnit, TestNG, and especially Postman for the testing of APIs.


2.3 System Testing

  • Description: System testing deals with testing the entire project at once. It is done after integration testing and its goal is to ensure that the software possesses the required characteristics in a proper system.

  • Goal: To check if the software has been developed to perform its operations in the right way.

  • Tools: Selenium, Appium, Test Complete


2.4 Acceptance Testing

  • Description: Acceptance testing is most times, the last testing to be done after functional testing. This is done with a view of ascertaining whether the software is fit for release to the market and whether it meets the business needs of an organization.

  • Goal: To be able to conform to the laid down acceptance standards by all the clients.

  • Tools: FitNesse, Cucumber, Selenium


3. Non-Functional Testing

Functional testing entails what the software does as compared to non-functional testing which assesses how well the software functions. They include functional quality which evaluates its functionality and its quality attributes in meeting the intended use, as well as usability or user-oriented quality, which evaluates the usability of the system.


3.1 Performance Testing

  • Description: Performance testing is done to know how a certain application responds to a given amount of load. However, this information can include testing the response time, throughput, and usage of resources of an application.

  • Goal: To prove that the stated application is capable of performing optimally even under normal and maximum usage.

Subtypes:

  • Load Testing: It is necessary to measure the system and its behavior under some normal and maximum load.

  • Stress Testing: Tests a system to measure how much it can take before it fails.

  • Scalability Testing: Guarantees the given application can grow and work in case of increased number of users or volume of traffic.

  • Tools: JMeter, LoadRunner, Gatling


3.2 Security Testing

  • Description: Security testing is intended to detect risks, and threats and expose the open door for the attackers in the software.

  • Goal: To guarantee that data is secure and the Software provides the expected security measures against unauthorized access.

  • Tools: OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite, Nessus


3.3 Usability Testing

  • Description: It forms a subset of qualitative testing, where the main concern is the assessment of ease of use of the software. Testers see how intuitive the application is for the target consumer and how well the user achieves the goals at hand.

  • Goal: So that the user experience of the app is pleasant and the app corresponds to what the user wants and needs.

  • Tools: Morae, Crazy Egg, UserTesting


3.4 Compatibility Testing

  • Description: Compatibility testing confirms whether or not the software can run on different devices and operations systems, browsers, and networks.

  • Goal: To test the application to find out how well it will run in different environments with different configurations.

  • Tools: Mozilla, Open Sauce, Cross Browser Testing


3.5 Reliability Testing

  • Description: Otherwise called stabilization testing, this kind of testing aims at checking whether the software is delivering its service stably and predictably for a long period while under normal load.

  • Goal: To assess the dependability of the system across time.

  • Tools: Apache JMeter, LoadRunner



4. Regression Testing

Regression testing confirms that no new feature or addition hospitably disrupts past functionality within an application framework. He talks about two methods of incorporating changes: disciplined and undisciplined; however, It is particularly important when working on software updates, bug fixes, or new features.


  • Goal: As a form of testing to ensure the functionality of code that has been worked on in previous development stages and which has been tested as well.

  • Tools: Selenium, QTP, TestComplete


5. Exploratory Testing

Exploratory testing is a mode during which the testers test a given software without fixed test scripts to follow. And, instead, they rely on their experience and their feelings to engage in the software and attempt to find out any anomalous or incorrect behavior.


  • Goal: To expose faults that could not be detected through rational check mechanisms.

  • Tools: Exploratory testing doesn’t need any exact tools, but tools such as Session-based Test Management (SBTM) can help guide exploratory tests.


6. Ad Hoc Testing

Like exploratory testing, Ad hoc Testing is also a rather unfixed and free approach to defect identification. It is normally done without following any documented proactively and systematically.

 

  • Goal: In order to have the ability to test the software within the shortest time possible in order to detect as many problems as possible within a short time we are able to perform random inputs and flows.

  • Tools: There are no specific tools that are known to be used by the testers and the knowledge regarding the software is utilized.


7. Alpha and Beta Testing

Such testing is done at various phases of the software development life cycle and is done with real users of the product.


7.1 Alpha Testing

  • Description: Usually done within the organization’s internal teams before it is released for use by outsiders or other users.

  • Goal: But it can be subdivided by objectives like testing for bugs and defects before releasing the product to market.


7.2 Beta Testing

  • Description: Carried out by a few actual users in actual contexts, most of the time before the product is released to the public.

  • Goal: To get end users' input and to know of any remaining bugs that may have escaped internal testing.


8. Smoke Testing

Smoke Testing is the type of shallow and wide testing where the major functionality of the application is tested in order to confirm that large components work. It is often passed straight after a build to check whether the build is stable for other tests to be conducted.


  • Goal: To decide whether the application can be moved to more intensive testing.

  • Tools: Selenium, JUnit, TestNG


9. Sanity Testing

When there is a bug that needs to be fixed or new functionality to be implemented then Sanity Testing is carried out to confirm that the change is working correctly. This testing is an offshoot of regression testing in that it is only tested on the affected areas of the whole software.


  • Goal: Sometimes to check whether or not the new features implemented or a bug fixed is working as intended without spending time to do a full regression test.


Conclusion

At Projectttree, In software development, for a business to be assured of quality applications, it is essential to comprehend the many types of software testing. Whereas one type of testing may involve checking the individual components of the software, another type of testing is meant to see whether the software can handle the pressure. 

A combination of functional and non-functional testing, along with manual and automated methods, ensures that your application meets user expectations, performs reliably, and is secure from potential threats. A combination of functional and non-functional testing, along with manual and automated methods, ensures that your application meets user expectations, performs reliably, and is secure from potential threats.
Location: Lal Darwaja Station Rd & Lal Darwaja Rd, Lal Darwaja, Varachha, Surat, Gujarat 395008, India

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